Citations:
To create this infographic, Landesa drew data from a wide variety of sources.
The list below provides our sources in the order in which they appear in the infographic.
- Barriers to women’s equal ownership or access to land data is from OECD’s Social Institutions and Gender Index
- Women and girls’ ownership and inheritance rights data is from the World Bank’s Women Business and the Law 2016
- Customs inhibit women’s access to land data is from OECD’s Gender, Institutions and Development Database 2014
- The number of women who farm is from the International Labor Organization’s Key Indicators of the Labor Market 2015
- The percent of employed women who rely on agriculture is from the Food and Agriculture Organization
- The referenced study in Tanzania on women’s earnings is: Peterman, A. (2011). Women’s Property Rights and Gendered Policies: Implications for Women’s Long-term Welfare in Rural Tanzania. The Journal of Development Studies, 47(1), 1-30.
- The referenced study in Nepal about children’s weight is: Allendorf, K. (2007). Do Women’s Land Rights Promote Empowerment and Child Health in Nepal?. World Development, 35(11), 1975-1988. Chicago.
- The referenced study in Rwanda about soil conservation is from: Ali, D. A., Deininger, K., & Goldstein, M. (2014). Environmental and gender impacts of land tenure regularization in Africa: pilot evidence from Rwanda. Journal of Development Economics, 110, 262-275.
Related resources

Policy Brief: Mangroves and Livelihoods in Kenya
Learn more about Landesa’s work to strengthen policy, legal, and institutional frameworks for sustainable mangrove conservation and livelihoods in Kenya.
Fact Sheets and Brochures

Coastal Livelihoods and Mangroves Project in Kenya
Learn more about Landesa’s work to advance sustainable mangrove ecosystem management in Kenya by strengthening government and community efforts to restore thousands of hectares of mangrove forest—nearly one quarter of the country’s total mangrove area.
Fact Sheets and Brochures

Responsible Investments in Property and Land Resource Platform
Landesa’s Responsible Investments in Property and Land (RIPL) Resource Platform translates international guidelines and best practices for responsible investments in agricultural land into user-friendly guidebooks, with one designed for businesses, one for communities, one for governments, and country-specific guidebooks for Ghana and Tanzania.
Guides
